Climate change is a global challenge, and India is one of the countries most vulnerable to its impacts. The country is projected to experience more frequent and severe natural disasters in the coming decades. GHG emissions are the main cause of climate change, and India is the third-largest emitter of carbon dioxide in the world. This article discusses the severe impacts of climate change on India and the urgent need for the country to take ambitious steps to address this challenge.
India is severely affected by climate change, experiencing more frequent heatwaves, droughts, crop failures, water scarcity, and health risks due to temperature rise. Retreat of Himalayan glaciers affects water availability, hydropower generation, agriculture, and biodiversity. Sea level rise threatens coastal areas with flooding, erosion, salinization, and displacement of millions of people. Extreme weather events like cyclones, floods, landslides, and storms are becoming more frequent and intense, causing significant losses of lives, livelihoods, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Despite recently updating its climate change pledges, including reducing emissions and maintaining forest cover, these pledges are not sufficient to limit global warming to 1.5°C. India needs to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 or earlier, enhance its adaptation measures, and improve resilience to climate change impacts, particularly for the most vulnerable sections of society.
Tackling climate change requires collective action from all stakeholders, including the government, private sector, civil society, and individuals. India has a responsibility and an opportunity to be a leader in this global effort towards a sustainable future. India must take immediate and ambitious steps to address the challenges of climate change, enhance its adaptation measures and resilience, and ensure a sustainable future for itself and the world.
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